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NICKEFFECT aims to develop novel ferromagnetic Ni-based coating materials to replace the scarce and costly Platinum and ensure high efficiency in key applications.

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Author: Laura Cyrne

Hydrogen is recognised as a clean energy carrier that could play a key role in reducing global carbon emissions. In Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolysers (PEM WE), the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) takes place at the cathode, where protons from the acidic electrolyte combine with electrons to form hydrogen gas. Catalysts are essential to this process, as they reduce the activation energy required for the reaction. Noble metals such as platinum are the benchmark materials for HER catalysts due to their exceptional activity and stability. However, their scarcity and high cost limit large-scale adoption. Non-noble catalysts, including transition metal-based materials such as nickel, molybdenum, and cobalt compounds, are attractive alternatives due to their lower cost and abundance. Despite these advantages, non-noble catalysts are more susceptible to degradation under the acidic conditions of PEM WE.   The degradation of non-noble metal catalysts can arise from several processes, which often are interdependent. While the...

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Recycling as a key of material circularity and societal acceptance   Production of energy from renewable sources is one of the keys to face the ongoing environmental crisis. The intermittency of renewable energies (wind, solar) pushed the emergence of energy storage technologies and industries such as the battery industry for storage as electrical energy, or the hydrogen industry for storage as chemical energy. Hydrogen can be produced through water electrolysis during energy overproduction periods to be transported and used on a different location and time using fuel cells, and notably Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs). These devices can convert hydrogen back into electricity and only emit water and heat, however, they rely on the use of raw materials that are expensive and can be critical or pose environmental issues such as platinum group metals, and perfluorinated polymers. There is a necessity to guarantee the recyclability of the constitutive materials of new...

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Developing new materials involves navigating a series of complex decisions. For example:   Should the focus be on improving performance or reducing cost? How will manufacturing processes impact material properties? What trade-offs are acceptable in terms of sustainability or production timelines?   Every choice impacts the final material and its applications. Materials modelling, and in particular multiscale materials modelling, aims to improve this process by linking simulations across different scales, providing a detailed understanding of how decisions at the micro or nanoscale affect macroscopic performance. However, to be effective, modelling tools must not only generate accurate predictions but also support practical decision-making [1,2].   Requirements for Effective Multiscale Materials Modelling Frameworks   For multiscale materials modelling to enhance decision-making, the tools must address key needs [1,2]:   Integrated Modelling Across Scales: Material behaviour and property are often dominated by phenomena occurring at different scales, therefore the system should seamlessly connect models at different scales, such as atomic-level simulations,...

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On December 5th, 2024, industry leaders and innovators came together for a highly engaging webinar on Industrial Sustainable Plating, featuring cutting-edge advancements from two major EU-funded initiatives: NICKEFFECT and MOZART. This event offered an exciting platform to discuss the future of sustainable plating technologies, highlighting the crucial role of innovation in reducing the environmental impact of industrial processes.   The webinar kicked off with a welcome and introduction from Danijel Pavlica, Project Manager at F6S, who set the stage by emphasising the growing importance of sustainable practices in industrial plating and the important role played by both projects in driving this change.   Insights and Key Takeaways   Asier Salicio Paz from CIDETEC presented the key advancements of the NICKEFFECT project, focusing on the development of sustainable electrochemical plating processes. He began by introducing CIDETEC and its work in the Basque Country, emphasising their strong involvement in European projects and commitment to surface treatment technologies for...

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The use of standardisation in research and innovation projects aims to increase the impact and significance of the results obtained by including them in new standards. This helps to make them more accessible to industry, regulators and society at large, transferring knowledge generated in research to the market. This is in line with the European Policy on Knowledge Valorisation and the ERA Code of Practice on Standardisation, which recommend using tools such as standardisation, among others, to make research results benefit economic activity, welfare and safety in Europe.   The participation of a dedicated partner such as UNE (Spanish Association for Standardization) makes it easier for projects to develop this type of activity. UNE has already participated in more than a hundred European projects, obtaining results such as the publication of more than 60 CWAs (CEN-CENELEC Workshop Agreement), creation of working groups (WG) in CEN, contribution to standards or revision of ISO...

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ADVENT Technologies is poised to capitalize on the growing opportunities in the Water Electrolysis WE market. Although the WE sector, along with its related fuel cell technologies, remains relatively small compared to other industries such as automotive, ADVENT sees immense potential for expansion.   This growth outlook is reinforced by the increasing focus on sustainability and the potential EU ban on PFAS (per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances), which are used in many conventional electrolyzers. A key driver of ADVENT’s strategy in this space is its involvement in the NICKEFFECT project, a consortium focused on developing innovative, PGM-free (Platinum Group Metals) for water electrolysis technologies.   ADVENT plans to leverage the outcomes of NICKEFFECT to establish a stronger presence in the WE market and take a leadership role in the industry.  ADVENT will use its involvement in the NICKEFFECT consortium as a platform to promote its expertise and new product offerings. By collaborating with industry leaders...

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The chemical risk is a combination of hazard and exposure. Once the risk is assessed, either reducing the hazard or the level of exposure should mitigated it. In occupational health and safety, the "STOP principle" is applied. It defines the hierarchy of protective measures and groups them. The abbreviation STOP stands for Substitution, Technical measures, Organizational and Personal protective equipment.   Substitution approach   Eliminating or reducing risks before they are introduced into the workplace is the most effective way of a mitigation management. Both products and processes could be safe-by design. For example it is possible to replace hazardous substance by less hazardous, to replace powders by pellets or to replace manual by automatic process…   Technical (engineering) control   Installing technical control will remove the hazard at the source, before the workers are exposed. It is a very reliable way to control exposure as long as they are well-designed, used, and maintained. For example, it is...

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Materials selection is at the heart of the NICKEFFECT project. Replacing Pt-group metals with Ni is far from trivial. Materials with new compositions, structures, and topologies have to be explored and their physical and chemical properties need to be assessed. Traditionally, this exploration has been performed experimentally: a material is first synthesized and then tested in a lab to check whether it fulfills the requirements related to its application. This approach is long, requires resources, and can lead to failure at any step of the process. The scientist iterates through materials until a good solution is found, through trial and error or serendipity.   Fortunately, in the last few decades, computational tools have reached a maturity where the stability and physical properties of materials can be predicted before synthesizing them. These tools rely on density-functional theory (DFT) or more recently on machine learning (ML) when data is available. Such computations are not...

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In recent decades, both Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) and Elsyca have independently developed multiple software tools for simulating Multi-Ion Transport and Reaction (MITRe) models. Originally utilized by VUB for corrosion-related simulations, the MITRem code has been revitalized under the NICKEFFECT project. It is now geared towards microscopic 3D electrodeposition simulations of porous structures. Additionally, various single-metal and alloy plating processes have been successfully modelled.   The workflow for MITRe model simulations involves several key steps. Initially, there's a need to identify the relevant species present in the electrolyte, followed by establishing a plausible electrode reaction mechanism. Subsequently, obtaining relevant kinetic parameters for the electrode reactions involved in the plating process is essential. Within the framework of the NICKEFFECT project, this was accomplished for a nickel alloy plating process of interest by retrofitting polarization curves using Elsyca PIRoDE software. These curves were based on polarization experiments conducted at Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB)...

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Aitor Arredondo and Jordi Sort from Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, NICKEFFECT’s project partners, participated at the 22nd International Conference on Magnetism (ICM2024) in Bologna Congress Center. This event is the largest gathering of the magnetism community worldwide and promises to showcase the resilience and excellence of the field, from fundamental research to innovative applications.   At ICM2024, Aitor Arredondo and Jordi Sort presented their work titled "Composition-dependent voltage-driven OFF-ON switching of ferromagnetism in Co-Ni oxide microdisks.” This research represents a significant advancement in the field of magnetism, exploring innovative methods to manipulate ferromagnetic properties through compositional changes and applied voltage.   The presentation highlighted the intricacies of OFF-ON ferromagnetism switching in Co-Ni oxide microdisks. The ability to control ferromagnetic states with precision opens new windows for applications in data storage, spintronics, and magnetic sensing technologies. Attendees expressed a strong interest in the technical aspects of the work, wanting to know more about the mechanisms...

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